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(Hereinafter referred to as BD.)

90

Bismarck to Saburoff 1878, Nineteenth Century, Dec. 1917, p. 1119. See also G. Lowes Dickinson, The International Anarchy 1904–1914 (2nd edn 1937), p. 76.

91

The Times, 8 April 1914. See also The History of The Times. Vol. 4: The 150th Anniversary and Beyond (London 1952) Parti, p. 168.

92

Quoted in Karl Kautsky, Sozialisten und Krieg (Prague 1937), p. 200.

93

The Times, 14 May 1898.

94

BDII. No. 86, pp. 68–69.

95

Maurice Paleologue, Un grand tournant de la politique mon diale 1904–1906 (Paris 1934).

96

BDIII,No. 299, p. 266.

97

BDIII, No. 299, p. 267. See also Beryl Williams, ’Great Brit ain and Russia 1905–1907’ in F. H. Hinsley (ed.) British Foreign Policy under Sir Edward Grey (Cambridge 1977), pp. 133–147.

98

This passage was in 1928 omitted by the editors from Die Grosse Politik, Vol. XIX. Part II. № 6305 on the grounds that ’this would mean a heavy blow to the policy of the Anschluss’. See James Joli, ’German diplomatic documents’, Times Literary Supplement, 25 Sept. 1953.

99

Feldmarshail Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Aus meiner Di enstzeit, Vol. I (Vienna 1921), pp. 380–381; Gordon A. Craig, The Politics of the Prussian Army 1640–1945 (paperback edn, New York 1964), p. 289.

100

Quoted in Michael Balfour, The Kaiser and his Times (London 1964), p. 295.

101

Quoted in R. C. K. Ensor, England 1870–1914 (Oxford 1936), pp. 434–435. Some later writers have suggested that Lloyd George’s warning was aimed as much at France as at Germany and was in tended to frighten the French off making any agreement with Ger many without British participation, though this does not seem to have been a view expressed at the time. For a discussion of the Agadir crisis, see Geoffrey Barraclough, From Agadir to Armageddon: Anatomy o f Crisis (London 1982)

102

Quoted in Erich Brandenburg, Von Bismark zum Weltkrieg (Berlin 1939), p. 342. See also Fritz Fischer, Krieg der Illusionen (Dusseldorf 1969), p. 135.

103

A. F. Pribram, The Secret Treaties o f Austria-Hungary 1879 1914, Vol. I (Cambridge, Mass. 1920), p. 225.

104

Theodor Sosnosky, Franz Ferdinand der Erzherzog Thron folger (Munich 1929), pp. 143–144, Quoted in Albertini, The Origins o f the World o f 1914, Vol. Il (London 1953), p. 9. See also Richard Bosworth, Italy, the Least o f the Great Powers: Italian Foreign Policy before the First World War (Cambridge 1979), p. 196.

105

Bosworth, op. cit., p. 215.

106

Documents diplomatiques francais Зте serie, Vol. III (Paris 1931). No. 466. See also Fischer, op. cit., p. 219.

107

Quoted in K. A. Hamilton, ’Great Britain and France 1911–1914’ in Hinsley, op. cit., p. 324.

108

E. Jaeckh, Kiderlen-Wachter (Stuttgard 1924) Vol. II, p. 189, quoted’in Fischer, op. cit., p. 226.

109

F. R. Bridge, From Sadowa to Sarajevo: The Foreign Policy o f Austria-Hungary 1866–1914 (London 1972), p. 360.

110

Diplomatische Schriftwechsel Isvolskis I911–1914 (ed. F. Stieve) (Berlin 1926) ii. No. 401, quoted in Taylor, op. cit., p. 488.

111

H. H. Herwing and B. F. Trask, ’Naval operations plans between Germany and the USA 1898–1913’ in P. M. Kennedy (ed.) The War-Plans of the Great Powers 1880–1914 (London 1979). See also Ivo Nikolai Lambi, The Navy and German Power Politics 1862–1914 (Boston 1984), pp. 129–131

112

See RPogge von Strandmann, ’Staatsstreichplane, Alldeutsche und Bethmann Hoilweg’ in H. Pogge von Strandmann and Imanuel Geiss (eds) Die Erforderlichkeit des Unmoglichen: Deutschland am Vorabend des ersten Weltkrieges (Frankfiirt-am-Main 1965). For anti-socialist measures in the army see Martin Kitchen, The German Officer Corps 1890–1914 (Oxford 1968). Ch. VII.

113

See Jean-Jacques Becker, Le Cornet B: Les portvoirs publics etl’antimiliarismeavantlaguerrede 1914 (Paris 1943).

114

Quoted in Michael Balfour, The Kaiser and his Times (London 1964), p. 158

115

The Times, 18 Oct. 1906.

116

Quentin Bell, Virginia Woolf, Vol. I (London 1972), p. 158.

117

For a detailed account of the Zabern affair and its implications, see David Schoenbaum, Zabern 1913: Consensus Politics in Imperial Germany (London 1982)

118

A. von Tirpitz, Politische Dokumente, Vol. I Der Aitfbau der Deutschen Weltmacht (Stuttgart and Berlin 1924), p. 160. See also Gerhard Ritter, Staatskunst und Kriegshandwerk, Vol. II (Munich 1965), p. 197.

119

Quoted in Franklyn Arthur Johnson, Defence by Committee (London 1960), p. 68.

120

Henry Wilson’s diary, 31 Dec. 1901; quoted in C. E. Callwell, Field-Marshall Sir Henry Wilson, Vol. I (London 1927), p. 47.

121

G. P. Gooch and Harold Temperley (eds) British Documents on the Origins of the War 1898–1914, Vol.VI (London 1930) Appendix III, p. 779. (Hereinafter referred to as BD.)

122

Hansard, 5th series, Vol. I, cols 1749–1791. See E. L. Woodward, Great Britain and German Navy (Oxford 1935), p. 408.

123

Tirpitz, op. cit, Vol. I, p. 282. See also Arthur J. Marder, From the Dreadnought to Scapa Flow, Vol. I; The Road to War 1904–14 (London 1961), p. 156.

124

Quoted in Marder, op. cit. Vol. I, p. 156.

125

Marder, op.xcit, Vol. I, p. 158.

126

BD X(2) No. 500, p. 736. See also Marder, op. cit, Vol. I., p. 315.

127

SDX(2)No.501,p.737.