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41. Ibid.

42. Acemoglu, Daron, Simon H. Johnson, et al. (2002). The Rise of Europe: Atlantic Trade, Institutional Change and Economic Growth. Boston: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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45. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014). World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision. New York: United Nations.

46. Ibid.

47. United Nations Population Fund (2007). Growing Up Urban: State of World Population 2007, Youth Supplement. New York: United Nations.

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50. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014). World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision. New York: United Nations.

51. Ibid.

52. MacCulloch, Diarmaid (2003). Reformation: Europe’s House Divided, 1490–1700. London: Allen Lane. Р. 60, 648–649.

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55. Manyika, James, Jacques Bughin, et al. (2014). Global Flows in a Digital Age. New York: McKinsey & Co.

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57. Goldin, Ian (2012). Exceptional People: How Migration Shaped Our World and Will Define Our Future. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

58. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2013). “Total International Migrant Stock, 2013 Revision” // UN Population Division. По материалам esa.un.org/unmigration; Pew Research Center (2014, September 2). “Origins and Destinations of the World’s Migrants, from 1990–2013”. По материалам www.pewglobal.org.

59. Dustmann, Christian and Tommaso Frattini (2014). “The Fiscal Effects of Immigration to the UK” // The Economic Journal 124(580): 593–643.

60. Goldin, Ian (2012). Exceptional People: How Migration Shaped Our World and Will Define Our Future. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

61. Ibid.

62. Ibid.

63. Kosloski, Rey (2014, June 11). The American Way of Border Control and Immigration Reform Politics. Oxford: Oxford Martin School.