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14. Main, 1990, указанная публикация.

15. Main, 1990, указанная публикация.

16. Там же.

17. E. Hesse and M. Main, “Frightened, Threatening, and Dissociative Parental Behavior in Low-Risk Samples: Description, Discussion, and Interpretations”, Development and Psychopathology 18, no. 2 (2006): 309–43. См. также: E. Hesse and M. Main, “Disorganized Infant, Child, and Adult Attachment: Collapse in Behavioral and Attentional Strategies”, Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 48, no. 4 (2000): 1097–127.

18. M. Main, “Overview of the Field of Attachment”, Указанная публикация.

19. E. Hesse and M. Main, 1995, Указанная публикация, стр. 310.

20. Мы рассматривали это с биологической точки зрения, когда обсуждали «оцепенение без страха» в пятой главе. S. W. Porges, “Orienting in a Defensive World: Mammalian Modifications of Our Evolutionary Heritage: A Polyvagal Theory”, Psychophysiology 32 (1995): 301–18.

21. M. H. van Ijzendoorn, C. Schuengel, and M. Bakermans-Kranenburg, “Disorganized Attachment in Early Childhood: Meta-analysis of Precursors, Concomitants, and Sequelae”, Development and Psychopathology 11 (1999): 225–49.

22. Ijzendoorn, Указанная публикация.

23. N. W. Boris, M. Fueyo, and C. H. Zeanah, “The Clinical Assessment of Attachment in Children Under Five”, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 36, no. 2 (1997): 291–93; K. Lyons-Ruth, “Attachment Relationships Among Children with Aggressive Behavior Problems: The Role of Disorganized Early Attachment Patterns”, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 64, no. 1 (1996), 64.

24. Stephen W. Porges, et al., “Infant Regulation of the Vagal ‘Brake’ Predicts Child Behavior Problems: A Psychobiological Model of Social Behavior”, Developmental Psychobiology 29, no. 8 (1996): 697–712.

25. Louise Hertsgaard, et al., “Adrenocortical Responses to the Strange Situation in Infants with Disorganized/ Disoriented Attachment Relationships”, Child Development 66, no. 4 (1995): 1100–6; Gottfried Spangler, and Klaus E. Grossmann, “Biobehavioral Organization in Securely and Insecurely Attached Infants”, Child Development 64, no. 5 (1993): 1439–50.

26. Main and Hesse, 1990, Указанная публикация.

27. M. H. van Ijzendoorn, et al., “Disorganized Attachment in Early Childhood”, Указанная публикация.

28. B. Beebe and F. M. Lachmann, Infant Research and Adult Treatment: Coconstructing Interactions (New York: Routledge, 2013); B. Beebe, F. Lachmann, and J. Jafe, “Mother-Infant Interaction Structures and Presymbolic Self- and Object Representations”, Psychoanalytic Dialogues 7, no. 2 (1997): 133–82.

29. R. Yehuda, et al., “Vulnerability to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Adult Offspring of Holocaust Survivors”, American Journal of Psychiatry 155, no. 9 (1998): 1163–71. См. также: R. Yehuda, et al., “Relationship Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Characteristics of Holocaust Survivors and Their Adult Offspring”, American Journal of Psychiatry 155, no. 6 (1998): 841–43; R. Yehuda, et al., “Parental Posttraumatic Stress Disorder as a Vulnerability Factor for Low Cortisol Trait in Offspring of Holocaust Survivors”, Archives of General Psychiatry 64, no. 9 (2007): 1040 and R. Yehuda, et al., “Maternal, Not Paternal, PTSD Is Related to Increased Risk for PTSD in Offspring of Holocaust Survivors”, Journal of Psychiatric Research 42, no. 13 (2008): 1104–11.

30. R. Yehuda, et al., “Transgenerational Effects of PTSD in Babies of Mothers Exposed to the WTC Attacks During Pregnancy”, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 90 (2005): 4115–18.

31. G. Saxe, et al., “Relationship Between Acute Morphine and the Course of PTSD in Children with Burns”, Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 40, no. 8 (2001): 915–21. См. также: G. N. Saxe, et al., “Pathways to PTSD, Part I: Children with Burns”, American Journal of Psychiatry 162, no. 7 (2005): 1299–304.

32. C. M. Chemtob, Y. Nomura, and R. A. Abramovitz, “Impact of Conjoined Exposure to the World Trade Center Attacks and to Other Traumatic Events on the Behavioral Problems of Preschool Children”, Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 162, no. 2 (2008): 126. См. также: P. J. Landrigan, et al., “Impact of September 11 World Trade Center Disaster on Children and Pregnant Women”, Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine 75, no. 2 (2008): 129–34.

33. D. Finkelhor, R. K. Ormrod, and H. A. Turner, “Polyvictimization and Trauma in a National Longitudinal Cohort”, Development and Psychopathology 19, no. 1 (2007): 149–66; J. D. Ford, et al., “Polyvictimization and Risk of Posttraumatic, Depressive, and Substance Use Disorders and Involvement in Delinquency in a National Sample of Adolescents”, Journal of Adolescent Health 46, no. 6 (2010): 545–52; J. D. Ford, et al., “Clinical Significance of a Proposed Development Trauma Disorder Diagnosis: Results of an International Survey of Clinicians”, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 74, no. 8 (2013): 841–49.

34. Family Pathways Project, http://www.challiance.org/academics/familypathwaysproject.aspx.

35. K. Lyons Ruth and D. Block, “The Disturbed Caregiving System: Relations Among Childhood Trauma, Maternal Caregiving, and Infant Affect and Attachment”, Infant Mental Health Journal 17, no. 3 (1996): 257–75.

36. K. Lyons-Ruth, “The Two-Person Construction of Defenses: Disorganized Attachment Strategies, Unintegrated Mental States, and Hostile/Helpless Relational Processes”, Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy 2 (2003): 105.

37. G. Whitmer, “On the Nature of Dissociation”, Psychoanalytic Quarterly 70, no. 4 (2001): 807–37. См. также: K. Lyons-Ruth, «The Two-Person Construction of Defenses: Disorganized Attachment Strategies, Unintegrated Mental States, and Hostile/Helpless Relational Processes”, Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy 2, no. 4 (2002): 107–19.

38. Mary S. Ainsworth and John Bowlby, “An Ethological Approach to Personality Development”, American Psychologist 46, no. 4 (April 1991): 333–41.

39. K. Lyons-Ruth and D. Jacobvitz, 1999; Main, 1993; K. Lyons-Ruth, “Dissociation and the Parent-Infant Dialogue: A Longitudinal Perspective from Attachment Research”, Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 51, no. 3 (2003): 883–911.

40. L. Dutra, et al., “Quality of Early Care and Childhood Trauma: A Prospective Study of Developmental Pathways to Dissociation”, Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 197, no. 6 (2009): 383. См. также: K. Lyons-Ruth, et al., “Borderline Symptoms and Suicidality/Self-Injury in Late Adolescence: Prospectively Observed Relation-ship Correlates in Infancy and Childhood”, Psychiatry Research 206, nos. 2–3 (April 30, 2013): 273–81.